Solving any sophisticated problem requires a sophisticated process to keep data organized and coherent. To illustrate how this process works I have chosen a motorcycle that is not starting. 

 

The first step in this process is to identify and document the problem. 

My motorcycle does not start when I press the start button.

The second step is to identify hypotheses why this is occurring.

Hypothesis 1: The battery of the motorcycle is dead.

Hypothesis 2: There is not gas in the motorcycle.

Hypothesis 3: The spark plugs are not gapped properly, and no spark is being produced.

Hypothesis4: The starter is damaged.

The third step is to develop experiments or tests to determine the validity of each hypothesis.

Experiment 1: Press the horn button. The horn requires a charge to be on the battery to make noise. 

Experiment 2: Shake the motorcycle side to side and listen for a sloshing sound. Gas makes a sloshing sound. 

Experiment 3: Disconnect the spark plugs and measure continuity through the wire. Spark plugs require electrical current to spark.

Experiment 4: Measure continuity to the positive and negative terminals of the starter. Starters need electrical current to turn. 

The fourth step is to form a conclusion from each test

Conclusion 1: The horn honks so the battery has a charge. 

Conclusion 2: There is no noise, so fuel is added, and the motorcycle still does not start. 

Conclusion 3: Electrical current is detected at the spark plug. 

Conclusion 4: There is no electrical continuity to the starter. The starter wire is replaced, and the motorcycle starts. 

The problem of the Non starting motorcycle is solved.